About Me
Wednesday, April 30, 2008
Tuesday, April 29, 2008
Monday, April 28, 2008
pourudu movie download links
Sunday, April 27, 2008
Saturday, April 26, 2008
Friday, April 25, 2008
Thursday, April 24, 2008
Wednesday, April 23, 2008
Friday, April 18, 2008
Seven Ways to Share in Medical Decisions
Let your doctor know what you want. Tell your doctor that you want to share in making the decision about what to do for your health problem.
Do your own research. Sometimes you need to learn things on your own before you can fully understand what your doctor is saying. See the Resources that start on page 418 for books and other sources of information about health problems.
Ask about alternatives. Learn enough to understand the options your doctor thinks are feasible.
Consider watchful waiting. Ask doctors if it would be risky or costly to wait a while (day, week, month) before treatment to see if symptoms improve on their own.
State your preferences. Tell your doctor if you prefer one option over another based on your personal desires and values.
Compare expectations. Tell your doctor what you are expecting from the treatment and ask if that is realistic. If appropriate, discuss side effects, pain, recovery time, long-term limitations, etc.
Accept responsibility. When you make shared decisions with your doctor, both of you must accept the responsibility for the outcomes.
Do your own research. Sometimes you need to learn things on your own before you can fully understand what your doctor is saying. See the Resources that start on page 418 for books and other sources of information about health problems.
Ask about alternatives. Learn enough to understand the options your doctor thinks are feasible.
Consider watchful waiting. Ask doctors if it would be risky or costly to wait a while (day, week, month) before treatment to see if symptoms improve on their own.
State your preferences. Tell your doctor if you prefer one option over another based on your personal desires and values.
Compare expectations. Tell your doctor what you are expecting from the treatment and ask if that is realistic. If appropriate, discuss side effects, pain, recovery time, long-term limitations, etc.
Accept responsibility. When you make shared decisions with your doctor, both of you must accept the responsibility for the outcomes.
Tobacco: A silent killer
Tobacco: A silent killer
About author.
Oral side effects
Apart from the other medical problems, tobacco causes the following oral side-effects:
Sticky tar deposits or brown staining on the teeth
'Smoker's palate' - red inflammation on the roof of the mouth
Increased severity of gum disease
Delayed healing of the gums
Bad breath or Halitosis
Gum recession - with chewing tobacco at the site of the tobacco wad, the gums react by receding along the tooth root and exposing the root
Pre-cancerous oral lesions
Oral cancer
Hazards of tobacco habit:
One of the most devastating effects of tobacco is the development of oral cancer.
The risk of oral cancer increases with the number of cigarettes smoked each day and the number of years that the person has been smoking.
Cigarettes are not the only oral habit that can cause oral cancer, all tobacco products, such as: smokeless/spit tobacco, cigars, and pipes are associated with oral cancer.
The type of tobacco product will also indicate the location of the cancerous lesion in the mouth. For instance, smokeless tobacco is linked to cancer of the cheek and gums, as the wad of tobacco is kept localized in a particular area in the mouth.
Smokeless tobacco
Smokeless tobacco comes in the form of Gutkha, Paan masala, Kharra, Khaini, etc. It may be smokeless but it is not harmless!
Tooth Abrasion: Grit and sand in smokeless tobacco products produce scratches on the teeth and wears away the enamel. Premature loss of tooth enamel can cause sensitivity and may require corrective treatment.
Gum Recession: Constant irritation to the spot in the mouth where a small wad of chewing tobacco is placed can result in permanent damage to periodontal tissue. It also can damage the supporting bone structure. The injured gums pull away from the teeth, exposing root surfaces and leaving teeth sensitive to heat and cold. Erosion of critical bone support leads to loosened teeth that can be permanently lost.
Increased tooth decay: Sugar is added to smokeless tobacco during the curing and processing to improve its taste. The sugar reacts with bacteria found in the mouth, causing an acid production, which leads to decay of teeth.
Stained teeth and bad breath: Long-term smokeless tobacco users usually have stained teeth, bad breath and poor oral hygiene. Moreover, the habit of continuously spitting happens to be extremely offensive and unsightly.
Nicotine dependence: Nicotine blood levels achieved by the use of smokeless tobacco are similar to those from cigarette smoking. Nicotine addiction can lead to an artificially increased heart rate and blood pressure. In addition, it can constrict the blood vessels that carry oxygen-rich blood throughout the body, which reduces the overall performance and endurance levels of a person.
Unhealthy eating habits: Chewing tobacco reduces a person's sense of taste and smell. As a result, they tend to eat more salty and sweet foods, both of which are harmful if consumed in excess.
Oral Cancer: With the practice of chewing and holding tobacco, its irritating juices are left in contact with gums, cheeks and/or lips for prolonged periods of time. This can result in a condition called as Leukoplakia, which is a pre-cancerous lesion and appears either as a smooth, white patch or as leathery-looking wrinkled skin. It results in cancer in 3 percent to 5 percent of all cases.
Other Cancers: All forms of smokeless tobacco contain high concentrations of cancer-causing agents (carcinogens). These substances cause increased cancer risk not only of the oral cavity, but also the pharynx, larynx, oesophagus and urinary bladder.
Danger signs:
If you use smokeless tobacco, or have in the past, you should be on the lookout for some of these signs:
A painless ulcer that does not heal over two weeks
A lump or white/red patch in the mouth or over the tongue
Swelling, lump or hardness in the mouth or neck
A prolonged sore throat
Difficulty in chewing and swallowing
Restricted movement of the tongue or jaws
A feeling of something present in the throat
Repeated bleeding from the mouth and throat
Pain is rarely an early symptom.
These could be the early signs of Oral Cancer If detected early, oral cancer is curable. Also, the smaller the ulcer/lesion, the better the chances of cure.
Quit tobacco
When a person stops using tobacco, the risk of developing oral cancer drops rapidly. In 10 years of tobacco cessation, the risk is similar to an individual who has never smoked. Surprisingly, 85 per cent of tobacco users wish to quit the habit. Decide positively that you want to quit. Educate yourself to the harmful effects of tobacco.
Cease tobacco use totally
Avoid situations that increase your urge for tobacco. For e.g. peer pressure, boredom, etc.
Become health conscious - Jog, walk, exercise, swim, etc.
Collect the money that you save. As it multiplies you will realize what you have lost all these years.
Quitting tobacco consumption is very difficult, since it is an addiction. There can be temporary withdrawal symptoms that occur a short period after your last tobacco use but do not give up. Even a simple cigarette/paan can take you into the habit all over again. Cold turkey is the only remedy for this kind of addiction.
A few quitting aids help decrease withdrawal symptoms and the craving for tobacco. Some examples are:
Nicotine patch
Nicotine gum
Nicotine inhaler
Nicotine nasal spray
All of these aids are beneficial if the individual is motivated to quit, and if used at the same time with counseling or self-help groups.
The idea behind nicotine replacement therapy (nicotine patch, nicotine gum, etc.) is that providing nicotine in a form other than a cigarette can minimize the symptoms of withdrawal while a person is weaned from smoking. During this time, with the help of a counselor or a doctor in a smoking-cessation program, the patient learns to live without the habits associated with cigarette smoking, such as having something in the hand or mouth, drawing smoke in and puffing it out, or reaching for a cigarette in response to a behavioral pattern, such as a cup of coffee or stress.
For those who just cannot quit tobacco:
Avoid prolonged placement of any form of tobacco in your mouth. The longer the contact the greater is the risk.
Maintain meticulous oral hygiene.
Examine your mouth in the mirror at least once a month (please read about self-examination) Get a periodic chest X-ray and a check-up done at least once a year.
Self examination
Another very important aspect while discussing Tobacco-related effects is examination of ones own mouth for any evidence of change.
Stand in front of the mirror in good illumination, open your mouth wide and look for small lumps, swellings, ulcers, or a red/white patch.
Look out for the same on your tongue margins, below the tongue and over the tongue. Examine the lips too for any evidence.
Examine the lips too for the same. In case you see anything that is unexplained, visit your dentist immediately.
About author.
Oral side effects
Apart from the other medical problems, tobacco causes the following oral side-effects:
Sticky tar deposits or brown staining on the teeth
'Smoker's palate' - red inflammation on the roof of the mouth
Increased severity of gum disease
Delayed healing of the gums
Bad breath or Halitosis
Gum recession - with chewing tobacco at the site of the tobacco wad, the gums react by receding along the tooth root and exposing the root
Pre-cancerous oral lesions
Oral cancer
Hazards of tobacco habit:
One of the most devastating effects of tobacco is the development of oral cancer.
The risk of oral cancer increases with the number of cigarettes smoked each day and the number of years that the person has been smoking.
Cigarettes are not the only oral habit that can cause oral cancer, all tobacco products, such as: smokeless/spit tobacco, cigars, and pipes are associated with oral cancer.
The type of tobacco product will also indicate the location of the cancerous lesion in the mouth. For instance, smokeless tobacco is linked to cancer of the cheek and gums, as the wad of tobacco is kept localized in a particular area in the mouth.
Smokeless tobacco
Smokeless tobacco comes in the form of Gutkha, Paan masala, Kharra, Khaini, etc. It may be smokeless but it is not harmless!
Tooth Abrasion: Grit and sand in smokeless tobacco products produce scratches on the teeth and wears away the enamel. Premature loss of tooth enamel can cause sensitivity and may require corrective treatment.
Gum Recession: Constant irritation to the spot in the mouth where a small wad of chewing tobacco is placed can result in permanent damage to periodontal tissue. It also can damage the supporting bone structure. The injured gums pull away from the teeth, exposing root surfaces and leaving teeth sensitive to heat and cold. Erosion of critical bone support leads to loosened teeth that can be permanently lost.
Increased tooth decay: Sugar is added to smokeless tobacco during the curing and processing to improve its taste. The sugar reacts with bacteria found in the mouth, causing an acid production, which leads to decay of teeth.
Stained teeth and bad breath: Long-term smokeless tobacco users usually have stained teeth, bad breath and poor oral hygiene. Moreover, the habit of continuously spitting happens to be extremely offensive and unsightly.
Nicotine dependence: Nicotine blood levels achieved by the use of smokeless tobacco are similar to those from cigarette smoking. Nicotine addiction can lead to an artificially increased heart rate and blood pressure. In addition, it can constrict the blood vessels that carry oxygen-rich blood throughout the body, which reduces the overall performance and endurance levels of a person.
Unhealthy eating habits: Chewing tobacco reduces a person's sense of taste and smell. As a result, they tend to eat more salty and sweet foods, both of which are harmful if consumed in excess.
Oral Cancer: With the practice of chewing and holding tobacco, its irritating juices are left in contact with gums, cheeks and/or lips for prolonged periods of time. This can result in a condition called as Leukoplakia, which is a pre-cancerous lesion and appears either as a smooth, white patch or as leathery-looking wrinkled skin. It results in cancer in 3 percent to 5 percent of all cases.
Other Cancers: All forms of smokeless tobacco contain high concentrations of cancer-causing agents (carcinogens). These substances cause increased cancer risk not only of the oral cavity, but also the pharynx, larynx, oesophagus and urinary bladder.
Danger signs:
If you use smokeless tobacco, or have in the past, you should be on the lookout for some of these signs:
A painless ulcer that does not heal over two weeks
A lump or white/red patch in the mouth or over the tongue
Swelling, lump or hardness in the mouth or neck
A prolonged sore throat
Difficulty in chewing and swallowing
Restricted movement of the tongue or jaws
A feeling of something present in the throat
Repeated bleeding from the mouth and throat
Pain is rarely an early symptom.
These could be the early signs of Oral Cancer If detected early, oral cancer is curable. Also, the smaller the ulcer/lesion, the better the chances of cure.
Quit tobacco
When a person stops using tobacco, the risk of developing oral cancer drops rapidly. In 10 years of tobacco cessation, the risk is similar to an individual who has never smoked. Surprisingly, 85 per cent of tobacco users wish to quit the habit. Decide positively that you want to quit. Educate yourself to the harmful effects of tobacco.
Cease tobacco use totally
Avoid situations that increase your urge for tobacco. For e.g. peer pressure, boredom, etc.
Become health conscious - Jog, walk, exercise, swim, etc.
Collect the money that you save. As it multiplies you will realize what you have lost all these years.
Quitting tobacco consumption is very difficult, since it is an addiction. There can be temporary withdrawal symptoms that occur a short period after your last tobacco use but do not give up. Even a simple cigarette/paan can take you into the habit all over again. Cold turkey is the only remedy for this kind of addiction.
A few quitting aids help decrease withdrawal symptoms and the craving for tobacco. Some examples are:
Nicotine patch
Nicotine gum
Nicotine inhaler
Nicotine nasal spray
All of these aids are beneficial if the individual is motivated to quit, and if used at the same time with counseling or self-help groups.
The idea behind nicotine replacement therapy (nicotine patch, nicotine gum, etc.) is that providing nicotine in a form other than a cigarette can minimize the symptoms of withdrawal while a person is weaned from smoking. During this time, with the help of a counselor or a doctor in a smoking-cessation program, the patient learns to live without the habits associated with cigarette smoking, such as having something in the hand or mouth, drawing smoke in and puffing it out, or reaching for a cigarette in response to a behavioral pattern, such as a cup of coffee or stress.
For those who just cannot quit tobacco:
Avoid prolonged placement of any form of tobacco in your mouth. The longer the contact the greater is the risk.
Maintain meticulous oral hygiene.
Examine your mouth in the mirror at least once a month (please read about self-examination) Get a periodic chest X-ray and a check-up done at least once a year.
Self examination
Another very important aspect while discussing Tobacco-related effects is examination of ones own mouth for any evidence of change.
Stand in front of the mirror in good illumination, open your mouth wide and look for small lumps, swellings, ulcers, or a red/white patch.
Look out for the same on your tongue margins, below the tongue and over the tongue. Examine the lips too for any evidence.
Examine the lips too for the same. In case you see anything that is unexplained, visit your dentist immediately.
Thursday, April 17, 2008
Monday, April 14, 2008
European green crab
The European green crab (Carcinus maenas) is a small shore crab (adults measure about 3" across) whose native distribution is along the coasts of the North and Baltic Seas. Although known by the common name of green crab, the shell (carapace) color can vary from dark, mottled green to orange or red, with yellow patches on the dorsal carapace. The crab is an able and effective forager—capable of learning and improving upon its food-gathering skills. Studies have shown that the green crab is quicker and more dexterous than most crabs, and can open bivalve shells in more ways than other crabs. One adult crab reportedly can eat 40 half-inch, clams each day and can devour crabs as large as itself. Green crabs also prey on numerous other organisms--making these crabs potential competitors for the food sources of native fish and bird species.
The green crab has already invaded numerous coastal communities outside of its native range, including South Africa, Australia, and both coasts of North America. An able colonizer and efficient predator, this small shore crab has the potential to significantly alter any ecosystem it invades. It has been blamed for the collapse of the soft-shell clam industry in Maine.
Cartoon Character Hurls
This animation character boots up the Babelgum Film Festival.
Vote and win a trip to Cannes.
www.babelgum.com/boff
Vote and win a trip to Cannes.
www.babelgum.com/boff
The Television Portal
The television is a telecommunication system for broadcasting and receiving moving pictures and sound over a distance. The term has come to refer to all the aspects of television programming and transmission as well. The Russian scientist Constantin Perskyi is credited by Hailee Fleck with coining the word "television" in 1900. Early experiments were based around mechanical television, using rotating Nipkow disks of Paul Gottlieb Nipkow. The Scotsman John Logie Baird was an important pioneer in the invention of mechanical television.
Electronic television, which was much more practical and successful in the long run, with a better picture, was based on the cathode ray tube. The English inventor Alan Archibald Campbell-Swinton did important work in 1907, as did Boris Rosing, a Russian scientist, working independently, however American Philo Farnsworth is credited with the first working electronic television system, which he demonstrated in 1928.
Mechanically scanned television broadcasts began in 1928, and electronically scanned broadcasts began in 1936. Television was initially monochrome and color was introduced in the 1950s. It also used terrestrial broadcasting through ground-based transmitters. Later, cable television via overhead and/or underground wiring and then satellite television were introduced. More recently in the 21st century, television has increasingly moved from analog to digital technology.
Open-range zoos
Some zoos keep fewer animals in larger, outdoor enclosures, confining them with moats and fences, rather than in cages. Safari parks, also known as zoo parks and lion farms, allow visitors to drive through them and come in close contact with the animals.[2]
The first of this kind of zoo was Whipsnade Park in Bedfordshire, England, opened by the Zoological Society of London in 1931, and covering 600 acres (2.4 km²). Since the early 1970s, a 1,800-acre (7 km²) park in the San Pasqual Valley near San Diego has featured the San Diego Wild Animal Park, run by the Zoological Society of San Diego. One of two state-supported zoo parks in North Carolina is the 535-acre North Carolina Zoo in Asheboro. The 500-acre Werribee Open Range Zoo in Melbourne, Australia, displays animals living in a savannah.
Human exhibits
Human beings were sometimes displayed in cages along with non-human animals, supposedly to illustrate the differences between people of European and non-European origin. During the 19th century, zoos with human exhibits existed in Hamburg, Antwerp, Barcelona, London, Milan, New York, and Warsaw, with 200,000 to 300,000 visitors reportedly attending each exhibition.
In September 1906, William Hornaday, director of the Bronx Zoo in New York — with the agreement of Madison Grant, head of the New York Zoological Society — had Ota Benga, a Congolese pygmy, displayed in a cage with the chimpanzees, then with an orangutan named Dohong, and a parrot. The exhibit was intended as an example of the "missing link" between the orangutan and white man. It triggered protests from the city's clergymen, but the public reportedly flocked to see it.[9][8]
Human beings were displayed in cages during the 1931 Paris Colonial Exposition, and as late as 1958 in a "Congolese village" display at Expo '58 in Brussels.
Modern era
The oldest existing zoo, the Vienna Zoo in Austria, evolved from the Imperial Menagerie at the Schönbrunn Palace in Vienna, an aristocratic menagerie founded in 1752 by the Habsburg monarchy, which was opened to the public in 1765. In 1775, a zoo was founded in Madrid, and in 1795, the zoo inside the Jardin des Plantes in Paris was founded by Jacques-Henri Bernardin, with animals from the royal menagerie at Versailles, primarily for scientific research and education.
The Zoological Society of London, founded in 1826 by Stamford Raffles, adopted the idea of the Paris zoo when they established the London Zoo in Regent's Park in 1828, which opened to paying visitors in 1847.[2]
The first zoological garden in Australia was Melbourne Zoo in 1860. In the same year, Central Park Zoo, the first public zoo in the United States, opened in New York, although in 1859, the Philadelphia Zoological Society had made an effort to establish a zoo, but delayed opening it until 1874 because of the American Civil War.
When ecology emerged as a matter of public interest in the 1970s, a few zoos began to consider making conservation their central role, with Gerald Durrell of the Jersey Zoo, George Rabb of Brookfield Zoo, and William Conway of the Bronx Zoo (Wildlife Conservation Society) leading the discussion. From then on, zoo professionals became increasingly aware of the need to engage themselves in conservation programmes and the American Zoo Association soon asserted that conservation had become its highest priority.[6]
Because they wanted to stress conservation issues, many large zoos stopped the practice of having animals perform tricks for visitors. The Detroit Zoo, for example, stopped its elephant show in 1969, and its chimpanzee show in 1983, acknowledging that the trainers had probably abused the animals to get them to perform
Sunday, April 13, 2008
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